John Milton Cage Jr. (September 5, 1912 – August 12, 1992) was an American composer A composer is a person who creates music, usually by musical notation, for interpretation and performance. The level of distinction between composers and other musicians varies, which affects issues such as copyright and the deference given to individual interpretations of a particular piece of music. In the development of European music, the, philosopher Philosophy is the study of general and fundamental problems concerning subjects such as existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language, poet Poetry is a form of literary art in which language is used for its aesthetic and evocative qualities in addition to, or in lieu of, its apparent meaning. Poetry may be written independently, as discrete poems, or may occur in conjunction with other arts, as in poetic drama, hymns, lyrics, or prose poetry. Poetry is published in dedicated magazines, music theorist Music theory is the field of study that deals with how music works. It examines the language and notation of music. It identifies patterns that govern a composer's technique, or the structure by which music occurs given a certain genre of style. In a grand sense, music theory distills and analyzes the parameters or elements of music – rhythm,, artist The definition of an artist is wide-ranging and covers a broad spectrum of activities to do with creating art, practicing the arts and/or demonstrating an art. The common usage in both everyday speech and academic discourse is a practitioner in the visual arts only. The term is often used in the entertainment business, especially in a business, printmaker Printmaking is the process of making artworks by printing, normally on paper. Printmaking normally covers only the process of creating prints with an element of originality, rather than just being a photographic reproduction of a painting. Except in the case of monotyping, the process is capable of producing multiples of the same piece, which is,[1] and amateur mycologist Mycology is the branch of biology concerned with the study of fungi, including their genetic and biochemical properties, their taxonomy, and their use to humans as a source for tinder, medicinals (e.g., penicillin), food (e.g., beer, wine, cheese, edible mushrooms), entheogens, as well as their dangers, such as poisoning or infection. From and mushroom The word "mushroom" can also be used for a wide variety of gilled fungi, with or without stems, and the term is used even more generally, to describe both the fleshy fruiting bodies of some Ascomycota and the woody or leathery fruiting bodies of some Basidiomycota, depending upon the context of the word collector. A pioneer of chance music Aleatoric music is music in which some element of the composition is left to chance, and/or some primary element of a composed work's realization is left to the determination of its performer(s). The term is most often associated with procedures in which the chance element involves a relatively limited number of possibilities, electronic music Electronic music is music that employs electronic musical instruments and electronic music technology in its production. In general a distinction can be made between sound produced using electromechanical means and that produced using electronic technology. Examples of electromechanical sound producing devices include the telharmonium, Hammond and non-standard use of musical instruments Extended techniques are performance techniques used in music to describe unconventional, unorthodox or "improper" techniques of singing, or of playing musical instruments, Cage was one of the leading figures of the post-war avant-garde Avant-garde means "advance guard" or "vanguard". The adjective form is used in English, to refer to people or works that are experimental or innovative, particularly with respect to art, culture, and politics. Critics have lauded him as one of the most influential American composers of the 20th century.[2][3] He was also instrumental in the development of modern dance Modern dance is a dance form developed in the early 20th century. Although the term Modern dance has also been applied to a category of 20th Century ballroom dances, Modern dance as a term usually refers to 20th century concert dance, mostly through his association with choreographer Merce Cunningham Mercier "Merce" Philip Cunningham was an American dancer and choreographer who was at the forefront of the American avant garde for more than fifty years. Throughout much of his life, Cunningham was considered one of the greatest creative forces in American dance. Cunningham is also notable for his constant collaborations with artists of, who was also Cage's romantic partner for most of their lives.[4][5]
Cage is perhaps best known for his 1952 composition 4′33″, the three movements of which are performed without a single note being played. The content of the composition is meant to be perceived as the sounds of the environment that the listeners hear while it is performed,[6] rather than merely as four minutes and thirty three seconds of silence,[7] and the piece became one of the most controversial compositions of the twentieth century. Another famous creation of Cage's is the prepared piano The idea of altering an instrument's timbre through the use of external objects has been applied to instruments other than the piano; see, for example, prepared guitar (a piano with its sound altered by placing various objects in the strings), for which he wrote numerous dance-related works and a few concert pieces, the best known of which is Sonatas and Interludes Sonatas and Interludes is a collection of twenty pieces for prepared piano by American avant-garde composer John Cage . It was composed in 1946–1948, shortly after Cage's introduction to Indian philosophy and the teachings of art historian Ananda K. Coomaraswamy, both of which became major influences on the composer's later work. Significantly (1946–48).[8]
His teachers included Henry Cowell Henry Cowell was an American composer, music theorist, pianist, teacher, publisher, and impresario. His contribution to the world of music was summed up by Virgil Thomson, writing in the early 1950s: (1933) and Arnold Schoenberg Arnold Schoenberg (13 September 1874 – 13 July 1951) was an Austrian and later American composer, associated with the expressionist movement in German poetry and art, and leader of the Second Viennese School. He used the spelling Schönberg until after his move to the United States in 1934 (Steinberg 1995, 463), "in deference to American (1933–35), both known for their radical innovations in music, but Cage's major influences lay in various Eastern cultures. Through his studies of Indian philosophy The term Indian philosophy , may refer to any of several traditions of philosophical thought that originated in the Indian subcontinent, including Hindu philosophy, Buddhist philosophy, and Jain philosophy. Having the same or rather intertwined origins, all of these philosophies have a common underlying theme of Dharma, and similarly attempt to and Zen Buddhism Zen is a school of Mahāyāna Buddhism, translated from the Chinese word Chán to Japanese. This word is in turn derived from the Sanskrit dhyāna, which means "meditation" in the late 1940s, Cage came to the idea of chance-controlled music, which he started composing in 1951. The I Ching The I Ching , "Yì Jīng" (Pinyin), Classic of Changes or Book of Changes; also called Zhouyi, is one of the oldest of the Chinese classic texts. The book contains a divination system comparable to Western geomancy or the West African Ifá system. In Western cultures and modern East Asia, it is still widely used for this purpose, an ancient Chinese classic text Chinese classic texts or Chinese canonical texts refer to the pre-Qin Chinese texts, especially the Confucian Four Books and Five Classics (四書五經). All of these pre-Qin text were written in classical Chinese. They can be referred to as jing (經) on changing events, became Cage's standard composition tool for the rest of his life. In a 1957 lecture, Experimental Music, he described music as "a purposeless play" which is "an affirmation of life – not an attempt to bring order out of chaos nor to suggest improvements in creation, but simply a way of waking up to the very life we're living".[9]
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The roots of this work he says 'stretch back to the California school of composers' such as Steve Reich and John Cage . In a brief interview at the opening, ...
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John Cage Esoterica During a joint concert of Water Walk 1960 performance by John Cage on the TV game show I ve got a secret
John Gallaher
Sat, 31 Oct 2009 16:55:00 GM
I had a copy, years ago of . John Cage's. III. Communication from Silence, but I've never had a copy of Silence, or of any of his other books. I've now rectified that. His influence on the arts has been massive, and one can hear echoes ...
Q. "We don't need government We need utilities. Air, water, energy Travel and communication means Food and shelter. We have no need for imaginary mountain ranges Between separate nations. We can make tunnels through the real ones. Nor do we have any need for the continuing division of people Into those who have what they need And those who don't. Both Fuller and Marshal McLuhan Knew, furthermore That work is now obsolete. We have invented machines to do it for us. Now that we have no need to do anything What shall we do? Looking at Fuller's geodesic world map We see that the Earth is a single island, Oahu. We must give all the people all they need to live In any way they wish. Our present laws protect the rich from the poor. If there are to… [cont.]
Asked by Lorenzo de' Medici - Tue Mar 13 06:48:10 2007 - - 1 Answers - 0 Comments
A. hmm... this is my interpretation... "Begin with the acceptance of poverty as a way of life..." that if you learn to live with little, you've already become independent of the governments... and less greedy too because greed again breeds for the wish for power... and then the whole cycle starts all over again... "Our present laws protect the rich from the poor--" it means that the rich are privileged and the poor are neglected "We must make the world safe for poverty Without dependence on government" (as already stated further above) same rights, possessions and status for all ? p.s. next question would be: was he a socialist or a democrat ? lol
Answered by Nightingale - Tue Mar 13 07:14:16 2007
